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Being born prematurely may increase your risk of developing epilepsy as an adult, according to a new study published in the October 4, 2011, issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Giving amphetamines to adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can help them control their symptoms, but the side effects mean that some people do not manage to take them for very long. These conclusions were drawn by a team of five researchers working at Girona and Barcelona Universities in Spain, and published in a new Cochrane Systematic Review.
Not a single person identified with autism or asperger’s syndrome during a community survey in England actually knew they had the condition, research led by the University of Leicester reveals. According to Dr. Traolach Brugha, Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Leicester, the research has already revealed that autism was common in males, those without higher educational qualifications, and those living in social (government financed) housing. Prevalence was not related to the age of those with the condition. The researchers made the “Interview Guide for the Diagnostic Assessment of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)” available online. Check the end of this report for a download link.
In England, the prevalence of adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was estimated to be 9.8 per 1,000 population, according to a report in the May issue of Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. Traolach S. Brugha, M.D. (N.U.I.), F.R.C.Psych, from the University of Leicester in Leicester, England, and colleagues from other English colleges and the country’s National Centre for Social Research, devised a multipart study.
Unintentional overdose deaths in teens and adults have reached epidemic proportions in the U.S. In some 20 states in 2007 the number of unintentional drug poisoning deaths exceeded either motor vehicle crashes or suicides – two of the leading causes of injury death. Prescription opioid pain medications are driving this overdose epidemic. Opioid pain medications were also involved in about 36 percent of all poisoning suicides in the U.S. in 2007.
Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI), a widely used index for assessing adolescent drinking-related problems, was found to be effective at predicting the future alcohol dependence of teen-age drinkers, according to an Indiana University study which also found that the association was stronger for adolescent female drinkers. The results are available now online in advance of print in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. Check the end of this report for a link to download a free copy of the RAPI.
African-American women may benefit as much as their Caucasian counterparts in treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), despite being more likely to drop out of treatment prematurely. PTSD is a mental health disorder and, specifically, an anxiety disorder, that arises from trauma. Symptoms of distress must also arise in three domains: re-experiencing the trauma (e.g., flashbacks, nightmares); avoidance (numbing, not wanting to talk about the event and avoiding its reminders); and hyperarousal (increased startle response, irritability, sleeplessness). Sexual abuse as a child and sexual assault as an adult are types of trauma that may lead to PTSD in adult women.
A group of “professional couch potatoes,” as one researcher described them, has proven that even moderate exercise – in this case walking at one’s own pace for 40 minutes three times a week – can enhance the connectivity of important brain circuits, combat declines in brain function associated with aging and increase performance on cognitive tasks.
Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who received medication and individual sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) showed greater improvement in symptoms through 12 months compared to patients who did not receive CBT, according to a study in the August 25 issue of JAMA.
Nearly 40 percent of people with major depression may also have subthreshold hypomania, a form of mania that does not fully meet current diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder, according to a new NIMH-funded study. The study was published online ahead of print August 15, 2010, in the American Journal of Psychiatry.
